Table 1 Records on scale cover in wings and legs of fossil Diptera of the Corethrellidae, Culicidae, Ceratopogonidae and Limoniidae. +/-, presence/absence of scales. References to age of fossil resins: Lebanese amber [42]; Burmese amber [21]; Canadian amber [43], Baltic amber [35]; Dominican amber [44]

Corethrellidae

Corethrella (Fossicorethrella) cretacea

1 ♂

Lebanese (135–125 Ma)

-

-

-

[40]

Corethrella andersoni

(Fig. 4H)

1 ♀

Burmese (98.79 Ma)

+

+

-

[41]

Corethrella patula

1 ♂

Burmese (98.79 Ma)

+

-

-

[45]

Corethrella (Nothocorethrella) miocaenica

(Fig. 4I)

1 ♂

Baltic Bitterfeld

(48–34 Ma)

-

+

-

[46]

Corethrella prisca (Fig. 4J)

1 ♂

Baltic Bitterfeld

(48–34 Ma)

-

+

+

(radial veins)

[39]

Corethrella nudistyla

1 ♂

Dominican

(20–15 Ma)

-

+

-

[39]

Corethrella, e.g.:

recent

-/+

-/+

-/+

[47]

C. oppositophila (Fig. 4L),

♂♂, ♀ ♀

recent

-

+

+

[48]

C. kipferi (Fig. 4K)

♂♂, ♀ ♀

recent

-

+

-

[49]

Culicidae

Burmaculex antiquus

(Fig. 4A, B))

2 ♀

Burmese (98.79 Ma)

+

+

-

[17, 29, 50]]

Burmaculex burmanicus

1 ♀

Burmese (98.79 Ma)

+

+

-

(fusiform setae)

[32, 50]

Burmaculex edwardsi

1 ♀

Burmese (98.79 Ma)

+

+

-

[50]

Burmaculex harbachi

1 ♀

Burmese (98.79 Ma)

+

+

-

[50]

Burmaculex porczynskii

1 ♂,

1 ♀

Burmese (98.79 Ma)

+

+

-

[50]

Paleoculicis minutus (Fig. 4D)

1 ♂

Canadian (79.5–76.5 Ma)

+

+

+

[31]

Culiseta gedanica

1 ♂

Baltic

(48–34 Ma)

+

+

+

[33]

Ochlerotatus serafini

1 ♂

Baltic

(48–34 Ma)

+

+

+

[33]

Coquillettidia sp. (Fig. 4E)

1 ♂

Baltic

(48–34 Ma)

+

+

+

[33]

Culex erikae

1 ♂

Baltic

(48–34 Ma)

+

+

+

[51]

Culex malariager (Fig. 4F)

1 ♀

Dominican

(20–15 Ma)

+

+

+

[30]

Several species e.g. Ochlerotatus sp.

(Figs. 4G and 5)

♂♂, ♀ ♀

recent

+

+

+

this paper

Ceratopogonidae

Several species

♂♂, ♀ ♀

Cretaceous ambers (145–66 Ma): San Just, El Soplao, Taimyr, Burmese, Canadian

-

-

-

[52]

Several species

♂♂ ♀ ♀

Indian Eocene (54.5 Ma)

-

-

-

[53]

Forcipomyia (Lepidohelea) domibicolor*

9 ♂,

11 ♀

Dominican

(20–15 Ma)

-

+

(membrane of radial cells)

-

[54]

32 species

239♂

442♀

Dominican

(20-15 Ma)

-

-

-

[54]

Forcipomyia

♂♂, ♀ ♀

recent

-/+

-/+

(on wing membrane)

-/+

[55]

Limoniidae

Maietta hoffeinsetta n. sp. (Fig. 1)

1 ♂

Baltic

(48-34 Ma)

+

+

+

(on radial sector)

this paper

6 species of Maietta e.g. M. trimedia (Figs. 2B-C and 3)

♂♂, ♀ ♀

recent

+

+

+

[34],

this paper